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Quaestor sacri palatii
The ''quaestor sacri palatii'' (, usually simply ), in English Quaestor of the Sacred Palace, was the senior legal authority in the late Roman Empire and early Byzantium, responsible for drafting laws. In the later Byzantine Empire, the office of the ''quaestor'' was altered and it became a senior judicial official for the imperial capital, Constantinople. The post survived until the 14th century, albeit only as an honorary title.
==Late Roman ''quaestor sacri palatii''==
The office was created by Emperor Constantine I (r. 306–337), with the duties of drafting of laws and the answering of petitions addressed to the emperor. Although he functioned as the chief legal advisor of the emperor and hence came to exercise great influence, his actual judicial rights were very limited.〔.〕〔.〕 Thus from 440 he presided, jointly with the praetorian prefect of the East, over the supreme tribunal in Constantinople which heard appeals (the so-called ''causae sacrae'', since these cases were originally heard by the emperor) from the courts of the diocesal ''vicarii'' and the senior provincial governors of ''spectabilis'' rank.〔.〕
According to the ''Notitia Dignitatum'', the ''quaestor'' held the rank of ''vir illustris'' and did not have a staff (''officium'') of his own, but was attached a number of aides (''adiutores'') from the departments of the ''sacra scrinia''.〔''Notitia Dignitatum'', ''Pars Orient.'' XII and ''Pars Occident.'' X.〕 In the mid-6th century, by law their number was fixed at 26 ''adiutores'': twelve from the ''scrinium memoriae'' and seven each from the ''scrinium epistolarum'' and the ''scrinium libellorum'', although in practice these numbers were often exceeded.〔.〕
Perhaps the most notable ''quaestor'' was Tribonian, who contributed decisively to the codification of Roman law under Emperor Justinian I (r. 527–565).〔 The office continued in Italy even after the dissolution of the Western Roman Empire, as first Odoacer and then the Ostrogothic kings retained the position, which was occupied by members of the Roman senatorial aristocracy like Cassiodorus.
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